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1.
Braz. j. biol ; 84: e252845, 2024. graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1355877

ABSTRACT

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate whether skeletal development of the Pantanal Caiman (Caiman yacare) is similarly influenced by temperature variation and controlled increases in embryo motility. All eggs were incubated at 90% humidity and 29 °C for the first 45 days. Thereafter, the incubation temperature was either maintained at 29 °C and embryos were treated with 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) on days 46, 47, 48, and 49 (Group I, 29 °C 4-AP, n = 15); maintained at 29 °C (n = 14; Group II); or at 33 °C (n = 14, Group III). Embryonic movement was measured using an Egg Buddy® digital monitor on days 30, 35, 42, 49, 56, and 60, at which point embryos were euthanized and samples were collected for analysis. No differences were observed between groups with varying incubation temperatures. In contrast, embryonic motility was greater in embryos treated with 4-AP (P < 0.001) on day 49, and this was associated with higher proportions of snout-vent and hand lengths. This study demonstrates for the first time that pharmacologically induced increases in embryo motility result in phenotypic changes to the proportion of elements during prenatal ontogeny, thereby effectively altering the adaptation of the species to specific environments.


Resumo Este estudo objetivou avaliar os efeitos da temperatura e motilidade embrionária sobre o desenvolvimento esquelético de jacaré-do-pantanal (Caiman yacare). Os ovos foram incubados com 90% de umidade e empregou-se a temperatura de 29°C por 45 dias. Após, para a incubação do Grupo I a temperatura continuou em 29°C, mas associou-se à injeção de 4-aminopiridina (29°C-4AP, n = 15) aplicada nos dias 46, 47, 48 e 49, do Grupo II permaneceu em 29°C (n = 14) e do Grupo III elevou-se para 33°C (n = 14). A movimentação foi mensurada através do monitor digital Egg Buddy® nos dias 30, 35, 42, 49, 56 e 60 dias. Aos 60 dias, os embriões foram eutanasiados e coletadas amostras embrionárias. Na análise estatística não foram observadas diferenças entre os grupos para o fator temperatura sobre a motilidade embrionária no desenvolvimento esquelético. Em contraste, a motilidade evidenciou diferença estatística no dia 49 para o Grupo I (P < 0,001) e apresentou maiores proporções de nariz e mão. Esses dados demonstraram pela primeira vez que o aumento na motilidade, induzidos farmacologicamente resultam em divergências fenotípicas na proporção de segmentos anatômicos durante a ontogenia pré-natal, podendo alterar efetivamente a adaptação dos animais em ambientes específicos.


Subject(s)
Animals , Alligators and Crocodiles , Temperature
2.
Braz. j. biol ; 842024.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1469287

ABSTRACT

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate whether skeletal development of the Pantanal Caiman (Caiman yacare) is similarly influenced by temperature variation and controlled increases in embryo motility. All eggs were incubated at 90% humidity and 29 °C for the first 45 days. Thereafter, the incubation temperature was either maintained at 29 °C and embryos were treated with 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) on days 46, 47, 48, and 49 (Group I, 29 °C 4-AP, n = 15); maintained at 29 °C (n = 14; Group II); or at 33 °C (n = 14, Group III). Embryonic movement was measured using an Egg Buddy® digital monitor on days 30, 35, 42, 49, 56, and 60, at which point embryos were euthanized and samples were collected for analysis. No differences were observed between groups with varying incubation temperatures. In contrast, embryonic motility was greater in embryos treated with 4-AP (P 0.001) on day 49, and this was associated with higher proportions of snout-vent and hand lengths. This study demonstrates for the first time that pharmacologically induced increases in embryo motility result in phenotypic changes to the proportion of elements during prenatal ontogeny, thereby effectively altering the adaptation of the species to specific environments.


Resumo Este estudo objetivou avaliar os efeitos da temperatura e motilidade embrionária sobre o desenvolvimento esquelético de jacaré-do-pantanal (Caiman yacare). Os ovos foram incubados com 90% de umidade e empregou-se a temperatura de 29°C por 45 dias. Após, para a incubação do Grupo I a temperatura continuou em 29°C, mas associou-se à injeção de 4-aminopiridina (29°C-4AP, n = 15) aplicada nos dias 46, 47, 48 e 49, do Grupo II permaneceu em 29°C (n = 14) e do Grupo III elevou-se para 33°C (n = 14). A movimentação foi mensurada através do monitor digital Egg Buddy® nos dias 30, 35, 42, 49, 56 e 60 dias. Aos 60 dias, os embriões foram eutanasiados e coletadas amostras embrionárias. Na análise estatística não foram observadas diferenças entre os grupos para o fator temperatura sobre a motilidade embrionária no desenvolvimento esquelético. Em contraste, a motilidade evidenciou diferença estatística no dia 49 para o Grupo I (P 0,001) e apresentou maiores proporções de nariz e mão. Esses dados demonstraram pela primeira vez que o aumento na motilidade, induzidos farmacologicamente resultam em divergências fenotípicas na proporção de segmentos anatômicos durante a ontogenia pré-natal, podendo alterar efetivamente a adaptação dos animais em ambientes específicos.

3.
European J Med Plants ; 2022 Aug; 33(8): 10-15
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-219499

ABSTRACT

This is a literature review with the objective of presenting scientific evidence about the therapeutic importance of the use of Anacardium humile for the treatment of infected skin wounds. Retrospective and analytical study carried out from 1999 to 2021, in the Bireme, UpToDate, Pubmed and Scielo databases. The association of the descriptors “Phytotherapy” was used; “Cerrado and Pantanal Plants”; “Wounds contaminated by bacteria”; “elastic fibers”. Of the 248 articles analyzed, 36 were included in the review because they met the inclusion criteria. Among the results, it was evidenced that the conventional treatments, although effective (the gold standard being Sulfadiazine 1% silver), present toxicity to human keratinocytes and fibroblasts, with this, it is concluded that further research will be necessary to prove the effectiveness of new treatment options or association of herbal medicines with treatment.

4.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 41: e06485, 2021.
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1340350

ABSTRACT

The increasing expansion of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the Brazilian territory evidences the need for studies focused on the main reservoir of this parasite: the dog. This study aimed to conduct an epidemiological survey in the municipality of Barão de Melgaço, Pantanal region of the state of Mato Grosso (MT), Brazil. Conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and qualitative SYBR®Green real-time PCR (qPCR) were used to diagnose canine VL (CVL) and characterize the factors associated with this infection. Of the 402 dogs that had blood samples collected, 31 presented the parasite DNA, representing a prevalence of 7.71% in the population studied. Positivity indices for PCR and qPCR were 3.48 (14/402) and 7.21% (29/402), respectively. Comparison of the results obtained by both techniques showed moderate agreement (Kappa = 0.5364). Of the independent variables analyzed, presence of clinical signs (p≤0.05) was the only one associated with CVL. Based on this study, we conclude that VL is a circulating disease, with relatively low prevalence, in dogs of Barão de Melgaço/MT, and that the presence of clinical signs is the only variable associated with canine infection.(AU)


A crescente expansão da leishmaniose visceral (LV) no território brasileiro evidencia a necessidade de estudos voltados ao principal reservatório doméstico do parasito: o cão. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi realizar um inquérito epidemiológico no município de Barão de Melgaço, região do Pantanal Mato-grossense, utilizando as técnicas de reação em cadeia pela polimerase convencional (PCR) e teste qualitativo SYBR®Green real-time PCR (qPCR) para o diagnóstico da LV canina (LVC), além de caracterizar os fatores associados a infecção. Do total de 402 cães que tiveram amostras sanguíneas coletadas, 31 apresentaram o DNA do parasito, perfazendo uma prevalência de 7,71% na população estudada. Os índices de positividade para a PCR e qPCR foram de 3,48% (14/402) e 7,21% (29/402), respectivamente. A comparação dos resultados obtidos por ambas técnicas apresentou moderada concordância (Kappa = 0,5364). Das variáveis independentes analisadas, a presença de sinais clínicos (p≤0,05) foi a única associada a ocorrência de LVC. Com base neste estudo, concluímos que a LV está circulando, com prevalência relativamente baixa, em cães de Barão de Melgaço/MT, sendo a presença de sinais clínicos a única variável associada à infecção canina.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Zoonoses/microbiology , Dogs/microbiology , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/microbiology , Molecular Biology/methods , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Public Health
5.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1487662

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: The increasing expansion of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the Brazilian territory evidences the need for studies focused on the main reservoir of this parasite: the dog. This study aimed to conduct an epidemiological survey in the municipality of Barão de Melgaço, Pantanal region of the state of Mato Grosso (MT), Brazil. Conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and qualitative SYBR®Green real-time PCR (qPCR) were used to diagnose canine VL (CVL) and characterize the factors associated with this infection. Of the 402 dogs that had blood samples collected, 31 presented the parasite DNA, representing a prevalence of 7.71% in the population studied. Positivity indices for PCR and qPCR were 3.48 (14/402) and 7.21% (29/402), respectively. Comparison of the results obtained by both techniques showed moderate agreement (Kappa = 0.5364). Of the independent variables analyzed, presence of clinical signs (p0.05) was the only one associated with CVL. Based on this study, we conclude that VL is a circulating disease, with relatively low prevalence, in dogs of Barão de Melgaço/MT, and that the presence of clinical signs is the only variable associated with canine infection.


RESUMO: A crescente expansão da leishmaniose visceral (LV) no território brasileiro evidencia a necessidade de estudos voltados ao principal reservatório doméstico do parasito: o cão. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi realizar um inquérito epidemiológico no município de Barão de Melgaço, região do Pantanal Mato-grossense, utilizando as técnicas de reação em cadeia pela polimerase convencional (PCR) e teste qualitativo SYBR®Green real-time PCR (qPCR) para o diagnóstico da LV canina (LVC), além de caracterizar os fatores associados a infecção. Do total de 402 cães que tiveram amostras sanguíneas coletadas, 31 apresentaram o DNA do parasito, perfazendo uma prevalência de 7,71% na população estudada. Os índices de positividade para a PCR e qPCR foram de 3,48% (14/402) e 7,21% (29/402), respectivamente. A comparação dos resultados obtidos por ambas técnicas apresentou moderada concordância (Kappa = 0,5364). Das variáveis independentes analisadas, a presença de sinais clínicos (p0,05) foi a única associada a ocorrência de LVC. Com base neste estudo, concluímos que a LV está circulando, com prevalência relativamente baixa, em cães de Barão de Melgaço/MT, sendo a presença de sinais clínicos a única variável associada à infecção canina.

6.
Biota Neotrop. (Online, Ed. ingl.) ; 21(3): e20211190, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1285465

ABSTRACT

Abstract: The Pantanal Biome occupies 20% of the Brazilian territory extending its distribution over two Brazilian States, Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul. This Biome is one of Brazil's poorly known regions concerning insect gall and their interactions with host plants. In this study, we characterized for the first time the gall morphology, identified host plants and the gall makers from an area of Brazilian wetlands from Mato Grosso State, known as Pantanal Matogrossense. We sampled Pantanal Biome areas in Poconé municipality, along the Transpantaneira Road, Mato Grosso State, Brazil, in two expeditions, July 2012 and January 2013, with a total effort of 2 hours. We characterized 91 morphotypes of insect galls in 54 host plant species; 28 gall makers in 24 host plant species; the richest host plant families are Fabaceae, Myrtaceae, and Sapindaceae. Psidium guineense Sw. is the super host species. This area in Pantanal Matogrossense is the second in the richness of gall morphotypes (N=91) and average morphotypes/plant species (1.7), comparing phytophysiognomies. Additionally, 15 plant species are new record as host in galler-host plant interaction in the world. This number represents 30% of the total of host plant species sampled in Poconé. This inventory is new knowledge to the Pantanal Matogrossense and representing a unique testimony of insect-plant interactions consumed by the unprecedented fire that occurred in Pantanal Biome in the dry season of 2020.


Resumo: O Bioma Pantanal ocupa 20% do território brasileiro estendendo sua distribuição sobre dois Estados brasileiros, Mato Grosso e Mato Grosso do Sul. Esta é uma das regiões menos estudadas do Brasil com relação aos insetos e suas interações. Neste estudo, caracterizamos pela primeira vez a morfologia de galhas, identificamos plantas hospedeiras e galhadores em áreas do Pantanal Norte, conhecido como Pantanal Matogrossense. As amostragens foram feitas em áreas do Bioma Pantanal, no município de Poconé, ao longo da Estrada Transpantaneira, Mato Grosso, Brasil em duas expedições, julho de 2012 e janeiro de 2013. Caracterizamos 91 morfotipos de galhas entomógenas em 54 espécies de plantas hospedeiras; identificamos 28 galhadores em 24 espécies de plantas hospedeiras; as famílias de plantas hospedeiras mais ricas em galhas são Fabaceae, Myrtaceae e Sapindaceae. Psidium guineense Sw. é a espécie superhospedeira. Esta área no Pantanal Matogrossense é a segunda tanto em riqueza de morfotipos de galhas (N=91) quanto na média de morfotipos por espécie de planta hospedeira (1,7), em fitofisionomias comparáveis. Além disso, 15 espécies de plantas são novos registros como hospedeiras para galhas de insetos no mundo. Esse número representa 30% do total de plantas amostradas em Poconé. Todos os dados deste inventário são conhecimentos novos para o Pantanal Mato-grossense e para o estado do Mato Grosso, representando um testemunho único das interações inseto-planta que foram consumidas pelo fogo sem precedentes ocorrido no Bioma Pantanal em sua estação seca de 2020.

7.
Biota Neotrop. (Online, Ed. ingl.) ; 21(3): e20201154, 2021. graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1278413

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Flowers provide birds with a range of dietary resources, although few data are available on flower eating for birds that have mixed diets. We report here a new food type for the Blue-crowned Trogon (Trogon curucui), describing two flower eating events. The individuals fed on the yellow trumpet tree flowers (Handroanthus spp.) at the peak of the dry season in the Cerrado and Pantanal biomes. The birds picked up the flowers by sally-glean flying and a brief hovering, and then perched on a nearby branch to swallow the flower whole. Florivory appears to be seasonal and, while a minor component of this species' diet, flowers may be an important alternative resource during periods when fruits are scarce.


Resumo: As flores fornecem onsume uma variedade de recursos alimentares, embora poucos dados estejam disponíveis sobre o onsume de flores por aves de dieta mista. Relatamos aqui um novo item alimentar para o surucuá-de-barriga-vermelha (Trogon curucui), descrevendo dois eventos de ingestão de flores. Os surucuás se alimentaram das flores de ipê-amarelo (Handroanthus spp.) no ápice da estação seca nos biomas Cerrado e Pantanal. As aves apanharam as flores em voo "sally-glean" e em seguida pousaram em um ramo próximo para engoli-las por inteiro. A florivoria parece ser sazonal e embora seja um componente secundário da dieta desta espécie, as flores podem ser um recurso alternativo importante durante os períodos em que os frutos são escassos.

8.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 71(6): 2107-2110, Nov.-Dec. 2019. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1055149

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to evaluate the viability of using a non-invasive digital monitor to monitor heart rate (HR) and motility during the embryonic development of Pantanal alligator (Caiman yacare) using Egg Buddy ® , at different incubation temperatures. The collection of the eggs followed the Ranching system and egg identification, transportation, and incubation were performed with the required care; all eggs were incubated with 90% humidity at 29°C for the first 45 days. Thereafter, the incubation temperature was either maintained at 29°C, increased to 33°C or maintained at 29°C and embryos simultaneously treated with 4-aminopyridine on days 46, 47, 48, and 49 (29°C-4AP). Embryo movement was measured with a digital non-invasive monitor on days 30, 35, 42, 49, 56, and 60, at which point embryos were sacrificed. In the statistical analysis no differences were observed between the groups for the temperature (33°C and 29°C); for motility, a difference was observed at day 49 for the 29°C-4AP group. This revealed that the non-invasive evaluation method can be used to verify embryonic motility and HR effectively in Caiman yacare embryos.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Body Temperature , Eggs/analysis , Embryo, Nonmammalian , Alligators and Crocodiles/embryology , Heart Rate
9.
Braz. j. biol ; 79(3): 533-542, July-Sept. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1001455

ABSTRACT

Abstract Host infection by parasites is influenced by an array of factors, including host and environmental features. We investigated the relationship between host sex, body size and age, as well as seasonality on infection patterns by acanthocephalan in coatis (Procyonidae: Nasua nasua) and in crab-eating foxes (Canidae: Cerdocyon thous ) from the Brazilian Pantanal wetlands. Between 2006 and 2009, we collected faecal samples from these hosts and analyzed for the presence of acanthocephalan eggs. Prevalence, abundance and intensity of eggs of acanthocephalans were calculated. Egg abundance was analyzed using generalized linear models (GLM) with a negative binomial distribution and models were compared by Akaike criteria to verify the effect of biotic and abiotic factors. Prevalence of acanthocephalans was higher in the wet season in both host species but did not differ between host sexes; however, adult crab-eating foxes showed higher prevalence of acanthocephalan eggs than juveniles. In contrast, prevalence of acanthocephalan eggs found in coatis was higher in coati juveniles than in adults. Host age, season and maximum temperature were the top predictors of abundance of acanthocephalan eggs in crab-eating foxes whereas season and host sex were predictors of egg abundance in coatis. The importance of seasonality for abundance of acanthocephalan was clear for both host species. The influence of host-related attributes, however, varied by host species, with host gender and host age being important factors associated with prevalence and parasite loads.


Resumo A infecção de hospedeiro por parasitos é influenciada por uma série de fatores, incluindo características do hospedeiro e ambientais. Nós investigamos a relação entre sexo do hospedeiro, tamanho corporal e idade, bem como sazonalidade nos padrões de infecção por acantocéfalos em coatis (Procyonidae: Nasua nasua) e em cachorro-do-mato (Canidae: Cerdocyon thous ) do Pantanal brasileiro e quais fatores explicaram melhor a prevalência e a intensidade desses parasitos. Entre 2006 e 2009, coletamos amostras fecais desses hospedeiros e analisamos a presença de ovos de acantocéfalos. Prevalência, abundância e intensidade de ovos de acantócefálios foram calculados. A abundância de ovos foi analisada utilizando modelos lineares generalizados (GLM) com distribuição binomial negativa e os modelos foram comparados pelo critério de Akaike para verificar o efeito de fatores bióticos e abióticos. A prevalência de acantocéfalos foi maior na estação úmida em ambas as espécies de hospedeiros, mas não diferiu entre os sexos do hospedeiro; no entanto, os cachorros-do-mato adultos apresentaram maior prevalência de ovos de acantocéfalos do que em juvenis. Em contraste, a prevalência de ovos de acantocéfalos encontrados em coatis foi maior em juvenis do que em adultos. A idade do hospedeiro, a estação e a temperatura máxima foram os preditores de abundância de ovos de acantocéfalos em cachorro-do-mato, enquanto a estação e o sexo do hospedeiro foram preditores da abundância dos ovos do parasito em coatis. A importância da sazonalidade para a abundância do acantocéfalo foi clara para ambas as espécies hospedeiras. A influência dos atributos relacionados ao hospedeiro, no entanto, variou entre as espécies de hospedeiros, sendo o sexo e idade do hospedeiro fatores importantes associados à prevalência e às cargas parasitárias.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Procyonidae , Acanthocephala/physiology , Foxes , Helminthiasis, Animal/epidemiology , Seasons , Brazil/epidemiology , Prevalence , Population Density , Helminthiasis, Animal/parasitology
10.
Rev. bras. med. trab ; 17(3): 402-414, set.2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1104235

ABSTRACT

O peão pantaneiro é um trabalhador típico do pantanal brasileiro, cujo ambiente de trabalho é de fauna e flora exuberante, porém repleto de perigos. Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar os aspectos saúde-trabalho-doença do peão pantaneiro, identificando seus fatores de risco. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, com buscas realizadas no Centro Latino-Americano e do Caribe de Informação em Ciências da Saúde (BIREME), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Public/Publisher Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (PubMed), Periódicos Eletrônicos em Psicologia (PePSIC), Portal de Periódicos e Banco de Teses da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Banco de Teses e Dissertações da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, da Universidade de São Paulo, da Universidade Católica Dom Bosco (Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul) e da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, além do Google Acadêmico, no período de 2006 a 2016. Os resultados obtidos foram 27 estudos, 18 artigos científicos, 2 teses, 5 dissertações e 2 e-books. Foram evidenciados riscos relacionados a acidentes com animais, sobrecarga de trabalho, bem como exposição a intempéries, vírus, bactérias, substâncias químicas, entre outros. O estudo apontou para a necessidade de implementação das atividades propostas nas políticas públicas que visam à prevenção, promoção e recuperação da saúde, atentando especialmente às relacionadas à segurança e saúde do trabalhador.


Rural workers represent the typical population of workers in the Brazilian Pantanal, their work environment being characterized by exuberant fauna and flora, but also countless hazards. The aim of the present study was to analyze work, health and disease aspects of rural workers in Pantanal and the corresponding risk factors. It consists in an integrative review of studies published from 2006 to 2016 located in databases Regional Library of Medicine (BIREME), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), MEDLINE, PubMed, Periódicos Eletrônicos em Psicologia (PePSIC), the journal portal and dissertation database of the Brazilian Federal Agency of Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (CAPES), dissertation databases of Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Universidade de São Paulo, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco (Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul) and Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, and Google Scholar. We retrieved 27 publications, being 18 scientific studies, 2 PhD and 5 MA dissertations and 2 e-books. Evidenced hazards include accidents involving animals, work overload, and exposure to weather conditions, viruses, bacteria and chemicals, among others. The results point to the need to implement actions considered in public policies for prevention, health promotion and recovery, with particular focus on safety and health at work.

11.
Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim. Sci. (Online) ; 56(3): e158367, out. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1046873

ABSTRACT

This study evaluated the presence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in 320 domestic dogs living in urban and rural areas of the municipality of Poconé, located in the Pantanal wetlands of the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Anti- N. caninum (cut-off point 50) and anti- T. gondii (cut-off point 16) antibodies were detected by means of immunofluorescence assays (IFA), using NC-Bahia and RH strains as antigens, respectively. Anti- N. caninum antibodies were detected in 69 (21.56%; 95% CI: 17.27%-26.56%) dogs, 31 (44.93%) of which lived in urban areas and 38 (55.07%) in rural areas, and endpoint titers ranged from 50 to 3200. Anti- T. gondii antibodies were found in 132 (41.25%; 95% CI: 35.84%-46.87%) dogs, 58 (43.94%) from urban areas and 74 (56.06%) from rural areas, and endpoint titers ranged from 16 to 8192. A total of 33 dogs (10.3%) (12 urban and 21 rural animals) reacted to both agents (P <0.05). This study showed a higher prevalence of anti- T. gondii compared to anti- N. caninum antibodies in the dogs living in the Pantanal region, suggesting that both protozoans circulate in the studied region. This information is relevant, in view of its implications for animal and public health.


Este estudo avaliou a presença de anticorpos contra N. caninum e T. gondii em 320 cães domésticos das áreas urbana e rural do município de Poconé, no estado do Mato Grosso, região pantaneira do Pantanal. A Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (RIFI) foi utilizada para detectar anticorpos anti- N. caninum (ponto de corte igual a 50) e anticorpos anti- T. gondii (ponto de corte igual a 16) utilizando as cepas NC-Bahia e RH como antígenos, respectivamente. Anticorpos anti- N. caninum foram detectados em 69 (21,56%; IC 95%: 17,27%-26,56%) cães, dos quais 31 (44,93%) eram da área urbana e 38 (55,07%) eram da área rural e os títulos variaram entre 50 a 3200. Em relação aos anticorpos contra T. gondii 132 (41,25%; IC 95%: 35,84%-46,87%) cães foram sororeagentes sendo que 58 (43,94%) eram da área urbana e 74 (56,06%) da área rural e os títulos variaram entre 16 a 8192. Um total de 33 (10,31%) (12 cães urbanos e 21 cães rurais) cães reagiram para ambos os agentes testados pela RIFI (P <0,05). Este estudo mostrou uma maior ocorrência de anticorpos contra T. gondii em relação a N. caninum nos cães avaliados, mostrando que na região do Pantanal há circulação desses importantes protozoários. Essa informação é relevante dada sua importância para a saúde animal e pública


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Dogs/immunology , Dogs/microbiology , Toxoplasma/pathogenicity , Prevalence , Neospora/pathogenicity
12.
Biota Neotrop. (Online, Ed. ingl.) ; 19(3): e20180708, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011473

ABSTRACT

Abstract: "Cangas" are ironstone outcrops occurring at the foot of the Urucum Plateau, on the western edge of Pantanal, Corumbá-MS. In Brazil, the knowledge about flora and ecology of the plant communities associated with these formations is still incipient. These habitats are among the most threatened and less studied in Brazil because of their association with high quality iron ore deposits. We present a cheklist of the flora from these formations, resulting from different authors' collecting efforts in 10 areas of the Plateau. A total of 302 species have been recorded; they were distributed in 53 botanical families and 175 genera. Poaceae (43 species), Fabaceae (41), Euphorbiaceae (22), Cyperaceae (19), Malvaceae (19), Convolvulaceae (15), Malpighiaceae (13) and Apocynaceae (11) accounted for 60.6% of the species richness. Our data add 59 new occurrences of species of angiosperms to the ironstone outcrops flora in the Urucum Plateau. Among these, 27 species had no occurrence record for Mato Grosso do Sul and three species had not yet been recorded for Brazil. The high diversity and presence of endemic, rare, endangered and/or not yet cataloged species for the Urucum Plateau region, reinforces the need for local conservation units that can guarantee the preservation of these species, since the existing environmental protection areas are insufficient to guarantee the maintenance of typical species from this habitat in the region.


Resumo: As cangas são afloramentos ferruginosos que ocorrem ao sopé do Maciço do Urucum, na Borda Oeste do Pantanal, Corumbá-MS. No Brasil, o conhecimento sobre a florística e ecologia das comunidades vegetais associadas a essas formações ainda é incipiente. Esses habitats estão entre os mais ameaçados e menos estudados do Brasil, devido à sua associação a depósitos de minério de ferro de alta qualidade. Nós apresentamos um cheklist da flora desses ambientes, resultante de diversos esforços de coleta de diferentes autores em 10 áreas do Maciço. Foram registradas 302 espécies distribuídas em 53 famílias botânicas e 175 gêneros. Poaceae (43 espécies), Fabaceae (41), Euphorbiaceae (22), Cyperaceae (19), Malvaceae (19), Convolvulaceae (15), Malpighiaceae (13) e Apocynaceae (11) representaram 60,6% da riqueza específica. Nossos dados adicionam 59 novas ocorrências de espécies de angiospermas para a flora de cangas do Maciço do Urucum. Das espécies apresentadas, 27 ainda não possuíam registro de ocorrência para o Mato Grosso do Sul e três espécies não haviam sido ainda registradas para o Brasil. A alta diversidade e a presença de espécies endêmicas, raras, ameaçadas e/ou ainda não catalogadas para a região do Maciço do Urucum reforça a necessidade de unidades de conservação locais que possam garantir a preservação dessas espécies, uma vez que as áreas de proteção ambiental existentes na região são insuficientes para garantir a manutenção de populações típicas desse habitat.

13.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 62: e19180420, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1055394

ABSTRACT

Abstract Brazil has high diversity of native fruits with high nutritional and biochemical value. Bactris setosa Mart. (tucum-do-Pantanal) stands out by its oil-rich almond. This study aimed to determine the physicochemical characteristics of tucum-do-Pantanal almond and its by-products: press cake and crude oil. The almond of tucum-do-Pantanal had total weight of 0.81g, lager diameter 10.87mm, small diameter 8.21mm, height 12.50, weight of almond 0.38g, weight of endocarp 0.25g. In relation to the chemical analysis, the cake had higher ash, protein and carbohydrate contents than the almond. On the other hand, the content of moisture, lipids and calories were higher in the almond. The press cake showed 636.80 g kg-1 of total fiber. The fatty acids that predominated in tucum-do-Pantanal oil were lauric (58.48), myristic (12.59) and oleic (10.15%) acids. The oil of tucum-do-Pantanal had an acid index of 3.01 KOH / g, peroxide index of 4.84 meq / kg, saponification index of 140.91 mg KOH / oil g, iodine index of 3.72 gI2 / 100 g, refractive index of 1.46, density of 0.92 g / mL, water content of 493.11 ppm and oxidation stability of 32.01 h. The results suggest that tucum-do-Pantanal almond as an important source of oil, calories and fibers, with potential use in the food industry.


Subject(s)
Arecaceae/chemistry , Fatty Acids/analysis , Brazil , Food Analysis/instrumentation
14.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 51(5): 700-704, Sept.-Oct. 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041488

ABSTRACT

Abstract INTRODUCTION Injuries caused by fish are common in the Pantanal, a flooded area in Midwestern Brazil. METHODS A survey was conducted to identify venomous and trauma-inducing fish and the incidence of such injuries in a local fishing community. RESULTS The injuries were caused by catfish, freshwater stingrays, and piranhas. All fishermen had suffered injuries, and nearly 30% had recent injuries. CONCLUSIONS A leaflet and discussions decreased the injuries (only two were recorded in the next year). The campaign educated fishermen about prevention of and first aid for injuries. Similar campaigns will be performed in other communities of the Pantanal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Bites and Stings/epidemiology , Accidents, Occupational/statistics & numerical data , Fish Venoms/poisoning , Fisheries/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , Incidence
15.
Arq. bras. psicol. (Rio J. 2003) ; 70(2): 141-157, maio/ago. 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-980319

ABSTRACT

O pantanal é uma região dominada pelas águas e desafiadora por suas características. Neste ambiente de difícil acesso se insere o trabalhador pantaneiro. O presente estudo pesquisou aspectos de saúde e qualidade de vida nesses trabalhadores. Trata-se de estudo exploratório-descritivo, de corte transversal e amostra por conveniência (59 trabalhadores de três fazendas pantaneiras). Foram aplicados três instrumentos: Questionário Sociodemográfico-Ocupacional, Questionário de Aspectos sobre o Estado de Saúde (construído para esse estudo) e o SF-36. Quanto a QV resultados apontam melhor avaliação para o Componente Físico comparado ao Mental, e piores resultados nos domínios dor e vitalidade, que aliados ao alerta dos aspectos de saúde para a questão da paciência, levam a dirigir cuidados à saúde integral desses trabalhadores, além da necessidade de continuidade dos estudos sobre tal população


The Pantanal is a region dominated by the waters and challenging by its characteristics. In this difficult access environment the pantaneiro worker is inserted. The present study investigated health and quality of life aspects in these workers. This is an exploratory-descriptive, cross-sectional and sample for convenience study (59 workers from three pantanal farms). Three instruments were applied: Social-demographic-occupational Questionnaire; Health Aspects Status Questionnaire (built for this study) and SF-36. Regarding quality of life, results point to a better evaluation of the Physical Component compared to the Mental one, and worse outcomes in the areas of pain and vitality. These, together with alertness to the patience issue of the health aspects, lead to taking care of the integral health of these workers, and to the need for continuity of studies on this population


El Pantanal es una región dominada por las aguas y desafiante por sus características. En este ambiente de difícil acceso se inserta el trabajador pantano. El presente estudio investigó aspectos de salud y calidad de vida en esos trabajadores. Se trata de un estudio exploratorio-descriptivo, de corte transversal y muestra por conveniencia (59 trabajadores de tres haciendas del pantanal). Se aplicaron tres instrumentos: Cuestionario Sociodemográfico-Ocupacional, Cuestionario de Aspectos sobre el Estado de Salud (construido para ese estudio) y el SF-36. En cuanto a la Calidad de Vida resultados apuntan mejor evaluación para el Componente Físico comparado al Mental, y peores resultados en los dominios dolor y vitalidad, que aliados a la alerta de los aspectos de salud para la cuestión de la paciencia, conducen a dirigir cuidados a la salud integral de esos trabajadores, necesidad de continuidad de los estudios sobre dicha población


Subject(s)
Humans , Quality of Life , Occupational Groups , Health Status , Wetlands
16.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 38(5): 981-990, May 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-955405

ABSTRACT

Computerized microtomography is the gold standard examination for the evaluation of the three-dimensional bone structure. This experiment was developed to evaluate the structure and bone quality of Caiman yacare with metabolic bone disease using high resolution computerized microtomography (μCT). The animals were distributed into four groups: G1 - hyperphosphatemic diet with sun exposure deprivation (n=4), G2 - hyperphosphatemic diet with sun exposure (n=4), G3 - balanced diet with sun exposure deprivation (n=4), and G4 - balanced diet with exposure to sunlight (n=4). The parameters for the trabecular bone (Trabecular Number, Trabecular Thickness, Trabecular Separation, Bone Pattern Factor, Fractal Dimension, Euler Number, Structural Model Index, Degree of Anisotropy, Eigenvalues 1, 2 and 3, and Centroides X, Y and Z), and cortical bone (Number of Closed Pores, Volume of Closed Pores, Surface of Closed Pores, Closed Porosity, Volume of Open Pores, Open Porosity and Total Porosity). The overall results showed that the structure and bone quality of group G3 and G4 were better than those of groups G1 and G2, and that the diet factor influenced more than the sun exposure factor. The computerized microtomography allowed to evaluate the quality of the cortical and trabecular bones of the Pantanal alligator tibia with osteometabolic disease. The diet and sun exposure factors influenced individually the results of the μCT parameters between the groups, demonstrating the functional and structural complexity. Thus, these parameters can contribute to the interpretation of the mechanical behavior of bones and correlate them with the risk of lesions and fractures associated with osteometabolic diseases.(AU)


Microtomografia computadorizada é o exame padrão-ouro para a avaliação da estrutura tridimensional do osso. Este estudo experimental foi desenvolvido para avaliar a estrutura e a qualidade óssea de jacarés-do-pantanal (Caiman yacare) com doença óssea metabólica utilizando a microtomografia computadorizada (μCT) de Alta Resolução. Os animais foram distribuídos em quatro grupos, G1 - dieta hiperfosfatêmica com privação de luz solar (n=4), G2 - dieta hiperfosfatêmica com exposição à luz solar (n=4), G3 - dieta balanceada com privação de luz solar (n=4) e G4 - dieta balanceada com exposição à luz solar (n=4). Avaliaram-se os parâmetros para o osso trabecular (Número de Trabéculas, Espessura Trabecular, Separação Trabecular, Fator do Padrão Ósseo, Dimensão Fractal, Número de Euler, Índice do Modelo Estrutural, Grau de Anisotropia, Autovalores 1, 2 e 3 e Centroides X, Y e Z) e osso cortical (Número de Poros Fechados, Volume dos Poros Fechados, Superfície de Poros Fechados, Porosidade Fechada, Volume de Poros Abertos, Porosidade Aberta e Porosidade Total). Os resultados gerais evidenciaram que a estrutura e a qualidade óssea dos grupos G3 e G4 foram superiores aos dos grupos G1 e G2, sendo que o fator dieta influenciou mais do que o fator exposição solar. A Microtomografia Computadorizada permitiu avaliar a qualidade dos ossos cortical e trabecular da tíbia de jacarés do pantanal com doença osteometabólica. Os fatores dieta e exposição solar influenciaram individualmente no resultado dos parâmetros do μCT entre os grupos, demonstrando a complexidade funcional e estrutural. Assim, esses parâmetros podem contribuir na interpretação do comportamento mecânico dos ossos e correlacioná-los com o risco de lesões e fraturas associadas às doenças osteometabólicas.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Bone Diseases/classification , Alligators and Crocodiles/abnormalities , X-Ray Microtomography/statistics & numerical data
17.
An. acad. bras. ciênc ; 90(1): 85-97, Mar. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-886897

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The Brazilian Pantanal is an extensive wetland with heterogeneous habitats, primarily due to the river-floodplain system and plants with differential adaptations and reproductive strategies. Factors such as altitude, distance among plant formations, and flood pulse must be considered to better understand its diversity. Aiming to assess the influence of biogeographic patterns in this system, we analyzed the floristic composition of six areas along the Paraguay River, including residual relieves, verifying the pattern of similarity, and effects of distance and altitude. We recorded 356 species in 87 families, mostly perennial (75%), and some annuals (15%) and pluriannuals (5%). Herbaceous plants were the most represented (48%), followed by arboreal (23%), shrubby (15%) and epiphytic (14%) habits, only 12% being endemic to Brazil. The studied areas showed low floristic similarity, but higher resemblance of species between neighboring areas, and no relation with altitude. The upper Paraguay River is diverse, with high spatial variability of species, predominantly perennial. The river-floodplain connectivity may be a determinant factor in species richness and occurrence of endemic species.


Subject(s)
Plants/classification , Biodiversity , Wetlands , Altitude , Plant Dispersal/physiology , Seasons , Species Specificity , Tropical Climate , Brazil , Analysis of Variance , Rivers , Floods
18.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 113(2): 87-95, Feb. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-894897

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND Studies on malaria vectors in the Pantanal biome, Central Brazil, were conducted more than half a century ago. OBJECTIVES To update anopheline records and assess receptivity and vulnerability to malaria transmission. METHODS Five-day anopheline collections were conducted bimonthly in Salobra, Mato Grosso do Sul state, for one year. Indoors, mosquitoes were collected from their resting places, while in open fields, they were captured using protected human-baited and horse-baited traps near the house and at the Miranda River margin, respectively. Hourly biting activity outdoors was also assessed. Secondary data were collected on the arrival of tourists, economic projects, and malaria cases. FINDINGS A total of 24,894 anophelines belonging to 13 species were caught. The main Brazilian malaria vector Anopheles darlingi was the predominant species, followed by An. triannulatus s.l. Hourly variation in anopheline biting showed three main peaks occurring at sunset, around midnight, and at sunrise, the first and last being the most prominent. The highest density of all species was recorded near the river margin and during the transition period between the rainy and early dry seasons. This coincides with the time of main influx of outsider workers and tourists, whose activities mostly occur in the open fields and frequently start before sunrise and last until sunset. Some of these individuals originate from neighbouring malaria-endemic countries and states, and are likely responsible for the recorded imported and introduced malaria cases. MAIN CONCLUSION Pantanal is a malaria-prone area in Brazil. Surveillance and anopheline control measures must be applied to avoid malaria re-emergence in the region.


Subject(s)
Animals , Oviposition , Malaria/transmission , Anopheles/classification , Anopheles/physiology , Mosquito Vectors , Anopheles/parasitology
19.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 38(1): 41-47, Jan. 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-895559

ABSTRACT

Foi realizado um estudo epidemiológico da leptospirose em fêmeas acima de 24 meses, provenientes de 246 rebanhos, e 2.766 animais amostrados aleatoriamente nos nove municípios que compõem a região do Pantanal de Mato Grosso do Sul, bem como identificados os fatores de risco associados à doença. As amostras de sangue foram coletadas no período de setembro a novembro de 2009 e examinadas pelo teste de aglutinação microscópica ante uma coleção de 24 antígenos vivos de Leptospira spp., representantes dos sorovares Australis, Bratislava, Autumnalis, Butembo, Castellonis, Batavie, Canicola, Whitcombi, Cynopteri, Grippotyphosa, Hebdomadis, Copenhageni, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Javanica, Panamá, Pomona, Pyrogenes, Hardjo, Wolffi, Shermani, Tarassovi, Sentot, Andamana e Patoc. Adicionalmente, representantes de doze estirpes de leptospiras isoladas no Brasil foram adicionados à coleção de antígenos do teste de soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM). A prevalência aparente foi de 66% e a prevalência real de animais infectados, de 79,80%, com intervalo de confiança (IC) de 95% (78,3-81,3) e 241 rebanhos apresentando pelo menos um animal reagente. Os sorovares mais prováveis foram o Hardjo seguido pelo Wolffi. Os resultados demonstram que a leptospirose bovina continua presente no Pantanal, com alta prevalência tanto em rebanhos quanto em indivíduos, sendo os principais fatores de risco para a doença o tipo de exploração e a raça.(AU)


This is an epidemiological study of leptospirosis in 24 month-old females from 246 herds. Two thousand, seven hundred and sixty six (2,766) animals were randomly sampled in the nine counties comprising the region of Pantanal of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The risk factors associated with the disease were also identified. Blood samples were collected from September to November 2009 and examined by the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) against a collection of 24 live antigens of Leptospira spp., representatives of serovars Australis, Bratislava, Autumnalis, Butembo, Castellonis, Batavie, Canicola Whitcombi, Cynopteri, Grippotyphosa, Hebdomadis, Copenhageni, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Javanica, Panama, Pomona, Pyrogenes, Hardjo, Wolffi, Shermani, Tarassovi, Sentot, Andamana, and Patoc. Additionally, twelve representatives of Leptospira strains isolated in Brazil were added to the collection of antigens for the microscopic agglutination test (MAT). The apparent prevalence was 66% and the actual prevalence of infected animals was 79.80%, with a confidence interval of 95% (78.3 to 81.3) and 241 herds having at least one reactive animal. The most likely serovars were Hardjo followed by Wolffi. Results show that bovine leptospirosis is still present in Pantanal, with high prevalence both in animals and herds, the main risk factors for the disease being the type of cattle farming and breeding.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Cattle , Leptospira/isolation & purification , Leptospirosis/epidemiology , Agglutination Tests/veterinary , Antigens , Brazil/epidemiology
20.
Rev. biol. trop ; 65(4): 1358-1380, Oct.-Dec. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-897627

ABSTRACT

Abstract The Pantanal wetlands represent one of the largest flood plains in the World, with extreme climatic variations between dry and wet seasons. The area shelters a high diversity of habitats, representing the main formations found in this sub-region: grasslands, savannah, forested savannah, riparian forests, bays and salines, and Negro river itself. This habitat variability determines the structure and dynamics of the bird community, because most species are closely related to specific habitats. For this, we studied the abundance of bird species from 2001 to 2004 in a Pantanal area of Fazenda Rio Negro, Aquidauana, Brazil. The abundance was compared among those four consecutive years, seasons (dry and wet), time of the day (morning and afternoon), and also between seven different habitats, in order to determine the variation in distribution patterns and habitats used by birds. For this, we used the linear transect method in each of the seven habitats, and recorded bird abundances to obtain richness. The richness registered in the mosaic of habitats was of 201 species for the savannah, 87 in forested savannah, 116 in the riparian forest, 75 in grasslands, 120 in bays, 92 in the salines and 64 in the Negro river, accounting for 348 species in the Pantanal of Rio Negro. Overall, 98 species of migratory birds were registered. The results highlighted some important issues regarding the total abundance of birds in Nhecolândia: Psittacidae was the most abundant family in the region, with prominence in all environments. Recurvirostridae, a monospecific family, showed expressive abundance due to the dominance of Himantopusmexicanus in the salinas, followed by Ardeidae, Anatidae and Cracidae. Other families with high abundance were Tyrannidae, Columbidae, Thraupidae and Emberizidae, all in predominantly terrestrial environments. Moreover: a) The highest number of specimens was recorded in the morning period and in the dry season, regardless of the habitat; b) there were no differences in abundance in the same habitat along the years, but the abundance was different among habitats. In general, the results indicated that there is a relatively stable bird population in each habitat along the annual cycle, but there were differences in abundance among habitats. Thus, additional studies on food availability in dry and wet seasons should be better explored in the future, either in this region or in other Pantanal regions. This fact could better explain the seasonal dynamics of the richness and abundance of birds in the Pantanal area in general.


Resumen Los humedales del Pantanal representan una de las mayores llanuras de inundación del mundo, con variaciones climáticas extremas entre las estaciones seca y húmeda. La zona alberga una gran diversidad de hábitats, representando las principales formaciones encontradas en esta subregión de humedales del Pantanal: pastizales, sabanas, sabanas boscosas, bosques ribereños, bahías y salinas, y el propio Río Negro. La variabilidad del hábitat es una parte determinante de la estructura y dinámica de la comunidad de aves, ya que la mayoría de las especies están estrechamente relacionadas con hábitats específicos. Estudiamos la abundancia de especies de aves de 2001 a 2004 en la Fazenda Río Negro, Aquidauana, Brasil. La abundancia se comparó entre los cuatro años consecutivos, las estaciones (seca y húmeda), la hora del día (mañana y tarde) y también entre siete hábitats diferentes, para determinar la variación en los patrones de distribución y hábitats utilizados por las aves. Para ello, se utilizó el método de transectos lineales en cada uno de los siete hábitats, y se registraron las abundancias de aves para obtener la riqueza. La riqueza registrada en el mosaico de hábitats fue de 201 especies para la sabana, 87 sabana boscosa, 116 bosque ribereño, 75 en pastizales, 120 en bahías, 92 en salinas y 64 en el río Negro, con 348 especies en el Pantanal de Río Negro. En total, se registraron 98 especies de aves migratorias. Los resultados destacaron algunas cuestiones importantes con respecto a la abundancia total de aves en Nhecolândia: Psittacidae fue la familia más abundante en la región, con prominencia en todos los ambientes. Recurvirostridae, una familia monoespecífica, mostró abundancia significativa debido a la dominancia de Himantopusmexicanus en las salinas, seguido por Ardeidae, Anatidae y Cracidae. Otras familias con gran abundancia fueron: Tyrannidae, Columbidae, Thraupidae y Emberizidae, todas en ambientes predominantemente terrestres. Además: a) Se registró el mayor número de ejemplares en el período de la mañana y en la estación seca, independientemente del hábitat; B) no hubo diferencias en la abundancia en el mismo hábitat a lo largo de los años, pero la abundancia fue diferente entre los hábitats. En general, los resultados indicaron que hay una población de aves relativamente estable en cada hábitat a lo largo del ciclo anual, pero hubo diferencias en la abundancia entre los hábitats.

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